The Political Spectrum Of The United States - 1567 Words

Outside of the political spectrum, there is another group of organizations that have perhaps and even stronger grasp on the media than media regulators themselves. The incredibly complex and well organized drug cartels that base themselves mostly in northern Mexico and along the coastline of the Gulf of Mexico are in many ways the most influential organizations in the nation’s media. As mentioned earlier, Mexican citizens were granted freedom of the press in the 1857 Federal Constitution giving them expressional rights that closely resembled the United States’ on paper. However, as the cartels ran rampant throughout the country some indirect restrictions were put on these rights. The cartels employ ruthless violence and torture in order to punish those who oppose them, including journalists and reporters who attempt to portray them in a negative light. Over the past decade â€Å"there have been ‘172 attacks on press freedom, including nine journalists and two med ia workers killed’† (Hernandez-Garcia 2012). As a result, anyone reporting on the drug wars is essentially risking his or her own life; a risk the majority of reporters are not willing to take. The fear of being found and captured by the cartel is enough to cause a chilling effect among reporters and even stop some news outlets from reporting on the cartel’s actions at all. That’s not to say that news of the cartels’ actions doesn’t get released to the public. Lepe summarized the media portrayals of the cartel as such:Show MoreRelatedWalt Disney And Its Impact On The United States Political Spectrum1792 Words   |  8 Pagesthe same corporation that fights for certain issues within the United States political spectrum. These issues help represent the qualities that Walt Disney has valued throughout their company’s history of over seventy-five years. This paper will discuss how The Walt Disney Company effectively uses strategies and re sources to achieve their goals of copyright protection and environmental safety. The Walt Disney Company’s mission states, â€Å"To be one of the world’s leading producers of entertainmentRead MoreThe United States Population Is Spread Out Across A Spectrum Of The Political Ideologies1960 Words   |  8 Pages The United States population is spread out across a spectrum of the political ideologies. We are typically seen as being on the â€Å"left†, also called liberals, or on the â€Å"right†, called conservatives. The two main political parties in our country are the Democrats, whose supporters are typically on the left, and the Republicans, whose supporters are on the right. 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One man changed how the United States look atRead MoreLessons From the Past, An Eye to the Future: Aims of Full Spectrum Operations Training1157 Words   |  5 PagesLessons from the Past, An Eye to the Future United States Army Abstract An argument outlining the aims of Full Spectrum Operations and its alignment with the demands of a 21st century reality. Considers the move from a hierarchical to lateral command and control structure. The benefits of more immediate feedback loops for organizational aims, as well as front line leaders and troops. Lessons from the Past, An Eye to the Future In response to a question of preparedness, former Defense SecretaryRead MoreSocial Changes During The 1960 S1254 Words   |  6 PagesThe 1960’s was a decade filled with change in the existing conditions of the social, political, and economic spectrums. These social changes involved challenges to the conservative status quo of the time. Parts that contributed to this social revolution were new developments in the Feminist Movement, the Civil Rights Movement, and a rebellious counterculture. The political changes of this time period were embodied by the continuation and extension of the Vietnam War, new laws pertaining to civilRead MoreClassical Liberalism Vs. Modern Liberalism Essay1534 Words   |  7 Pagesappropriate role of government in society.† (Textbook, page 22) The movement that spanned during the creation of the United States was called classical liberalism. What is liberalism? Classical Liberalism could be defined as a movement during the eighteenth maybe n ineteenth century that was focused on the unalienable rights of people such as freedoms that are written in the United States Constitution. Conservatism is also an ideal in which everything such as laws, freedoms, and government must remainRead MoreThe New Waves Of Feminism821 Words   |  4 Pages New waves of feminism has been spreading across all states with each varying due to the political and cultural climate of said states. One example of this interaction between a state, its people, and the game that is social advancement is Iran. Despite Iran attempting to equalize men and women in socioeconomic and educational aspects (and, sometimes, not even that), the continuation of protests for women’s rights proves that some rights are more valuable to the advancement of gender equality thanRead MoreThe Epidemic Of Organized Crime917 Words   |  4 Pagesvarious issues that were occurring that launched an epidemic of organized crime, in the United States problems with organi zed crime were mainly seen in a social, political and cultural spectrum. During the 19th century, various problems were erupting causing conflict within society, large numbers of immigration had occurred, the majority had come from China and Ireland. When the Chinese arrived to the United States they were mostly utilized as workers for the railroads, they were cheap labor and theyRead MoreNew Waves Of Feminism : Women s Rights821 Words   |  4 Pages New waves of feminism have been spreading across all states with each varying due to the political and cultural climate of said states. One example of this interaction between a state, its people, and the game that is social advancement is Iran. Despite Iran attempting to equalize men and women in socioeconomic and educational aspects (and, sometimes, not even that), the continuation of protests for women’s rights proves that some rights are more valuable to the advancement of gender equality thanRead MoreThe Bias That Arises Against Women s Politics Emerges On Several Fronts1191 Words   |  5 Pag esarises against women in politics emerges on several fronts. The first form of bias that can be explored is in consideration of the idea that women are much less likely to have political aspirations instilled in them and nurtured from a young age ( Fox Lawless, 2013). Even though women were just as likely as men to pursue political information and express interest in it as they are in high school and college, they are much less likely to be encouraged by parents and other close family members to actually

A Comparison Of Ifrs And Gaap - 978 Words

A Comparison of IFRS and GAAP Numerous oversight organizations implement and monitor the generally accepted accounting principles, also referred to as GAAP, of their individual countries. GAAP are in place to maintain a level of consistency between the reports of individual firms, Issues arise, however when a company operates in several countries. To address these problems, the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) developed the International Financial Reporting Standards, or IFRS. The IFRS are superseding GAAP as the official reporting structure of many countries and as of July 2014, 283 have adopted the IASB’s new rule book (PricewaterhouseCoopers, 2014). The transition to IFRS has spawned a worldwide dialog of investors and analysts discussing the effects it will have on reporting and the implications this move carries into the future. This paper will review some financial reporting standards, the major distinctions between the U.S. GAAP and IFRS, and the competitive advantages and disadvantages of altering the U.S. reporting structure. Objective of Financial Reporting IFRS and GAAP both insist on information being faithfully represented and relevant. Faithfully represented data consistently adheres to proper trade standards and is conservatively reported. Any financial information that is deemed important to the users of an organization’s financial statement is considered relevant and should always be included. There are many similarities between the twoShow MoreRelatedComparison Of IFRS to GAAP Essay1192 Words   |  5 PagesComparing IFRS to GAAP Albert Payne ACC/290 11/14/2014 Daniela Trudel Comparing IFRS to GAAP This paper looks at relevant comparisons of IFRS, â€Å"International Financial Reporting Standards† and GAAP, â€Å"Generally Accepted Accounting Principles†. These two frameworks of accounting principles and practices share a lot of standards and procedures, but also differ on accepted policies. This paper will answer those standards and differences but also show the comparison of the twoRead MoreGAAP vs. IFRS comparison1264 Words   |  6 PagesGAAP/IFRS Financial Statement Comparison Through this course we have been taking a closer look into the Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) and the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS). The book lays out the major similarities and differences between the two separate but equal accounting methods. I say, â€Å"Equal†, in the sense that the IFRS and GAAP accounting methods are two different ways that the any company that could come to the conclude the financial statementsRead MoreComparison of Canadian Gaap and Ifrs1624 Words   |  7 Pagesto report under Canadian GAAP and instead use IFRS. This paper discusses three accounting topics to compare Canadian GAAP with IFRS. The three topics cover (1) conceptual framework, (2) property, plant and equipment, and (3) financial statement presentation. Conceptual Framework Both IFRS and Canadian GAAP are based on similar conceptual frameworks. Many of the basic concepts in IFRS (e.g., the going concern assumption, accrual accounting) are similar to Canadian GAAP. Many recognition and measurementRead MoreSimilarities and Differences. a Comparison of Ifrs and Us Gaap33264 Words   |  134 PagesSimilarities and Differences A comparison of IFRS and US GAAP October 2007 PricewaterhouseCoopers’ IFRS and corporate governance publications and tools 2007 IFRS technical publications IFRS Manual of Accounting 2008 Provides expert practical guidance on how groups should prepare their consolidated financial statements in accordance with IFRS. Comprehensive publication including hundreds of worked examples, extracts from company reports and model financial statements. IFRS News Monthly newsletterRead MoreSimilarities Between Ifrs And International Financial Reporting Standards Essay813 Words   |  4 PagesIn this research project, we will be comparing the similarities and differences between IFRS (International Financial Reporting Standards) and GAAP(Generally Accepted Accounting Principles), specifically in the cash flow statement, and we will be using Apple vs Samsung’s financial statement and stock price to compare the similarities and differences between IFRS and GAAP. 2. Motivation(Vicki) Today, with increasing globalization in the business world, many investors are looking for opportunitiesRead MoreUS GAAP vs IFRS Essay884 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿US GAAP versus IFRS Due to the controversy economies have had towards which method to use for accounting, there has been a compromise to converge the two most commonly used methods – GAAP and IFRS. However, these two methods are still very different. The convergence project has yet to be completed; in the meantime, more and more countries are running towards the IFRS since it is more reliable and relevant. The main difference between these two methods is the US GAAP is rule-based while the IFRSRead MoreGaap Vs. Ifrs Standards1366 Words   |  6 PagesGAAP vs. IFRS Standards GAAP generally accepted accounting principle The Financial Accounting Standard Board issues GAAP, which focus on the practices of US companies. GAAP is known as the common set of rules, standards and procedures for accounting used in financial reporting. â€Å"GAAP is the combination of authoritative standards (set by policy boards) and the commonly accepted ways of recording and reporting accounting information† (Investopedia.com, 2003). Companies follow GAAP rules to clarifyRead MoreInternational Financial Reporting Standards And The United States Generally Accepted Accounting Principles942 Words   |  4 PagesReporting Standards (IFRS) and the United States Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (U.S. GAAP). Secondly, it will provide the needed information to transition the financial statements of Amazon.com Incorporated to the IFRS from its current reporting standards as outlined by the U.S. GAAP. Thirdly, it will provide an in depth analysis of the changes that will be made to the financial statements. Finally, it will outline the visual differences between the U.S. GAAP and the IFRS balance sheet financialRead MoreGaap Vs Gaap And Ifrs1135 Words   |  5 PagesCurrent GAAP GAAP is an acronym for Generally accepted Accounting Practices. These a common set of accounting standards, principles and procedures that are used by companies while compiling their financial statements. A combination of standards set forth by policy boards and the commonly accepted ways of recording financial information, GAAP is deemed necassary or companies to generate investor confidence. Any fundamental investor looking at a company for long term prospects looks for consistencyRead MoreThe American Institute Of Accountants862 Words   |  4 PagesIn 1939, the AIA also known as The American Institute of Accountants formed the Committee on Accounting Procedure that issued 51 accounting research bulletins and began the process that eventually became known as the GAAP. In 1957, the American Institute of Accountants was renamed AICPA or American Institute of Certified Public Accountants. The AICPA or American Institute of Certified Public Accountants formed the Accounting Principl es Board in 1959, which issued their 31 APB Opinions. The FASB

A Study On Communicative Teaching Education Essay Free Essays

That is an of import inquiry because the reply is that really we communicate all the clip in several ways in order to show our thoughts. We have different ways to pass on harmonizing to facts as age, civilization, instruction, etc. For illustration, when we are babes we merely cry but even when we do n’t talk we are showing something. We will write a custom essay sample on A Study On Communicative Teaching Education Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now Finally, when we learn to pass on utilizing our mark linguistic communication we do it of course because we are involved in a context that uses this linguistic communication so we get used to talk it in a short clip non by larning grammatical regulations but, as Nunan expresses we learn a linguistic communication â€Å" as a dynamic resource for the creative activity of intending†¦ we need to separate between cognizing assorted grammatical regulations and being able to utilize the regulations efficaciously and suitably when pass oning † . ( 1989 ) When we want to larn a new linguistic communication different from the mark one there are many methods or attacks that we can utilize, all of them for the same intent: Communicate. The communicative instruction attack arises from the dissatisfaction of many pedagogues that are non happy with the audio-lingual method because grammar is difficult to larn and pupils get bored in category because they do n’t happen the existent public-service corporation of the new linguistic communication. Since the pupils were larning how to construct a perfect sentence they did n’t hold the opportunity to pattern existent communicating. This method focuses more on the purpose of communicate and less in the perfect manner to talk because the pupils have to happen one manner or another to show what they want to state. This attack uses activities that simulate existent life state of affairss and encourages the pupil to pattern the new linguistic communication speech production it and happening the manner to give significance to their words without the necessity of a perfect grammar. In these activities the pupils can work in braces or groups where they can happen feedback from their schoolmates so they feel less afraid because they find themselves in a friendly context. These activities are more interesting for the pupils because they can utilize their ain thoughts and they do n’t hold to interpret or reiterate words to larn, so they keep motivated. They can take the manner to show their thoughts based on the individual who is listening to them and besides on the context that they are working in. Besides this method is good for the instructor because there is more flexibleness to do activities that seem more like a game giving pupils a relaxed and merriment environment where they can happen replies from their couples. Besides, the appraisal of the pupils is based in measure up the ability to pass on in a right manner. A communicative schoolroom is really noisy because the pupils have to be involved in activities where they can talk and listen to their schoolmates. Besides, they can work stand up and they can be traveling so the category is non deadening. Therefore, they gain assurance and they feel comfy talking the new linguistic communication. The pupils have the duty of their ain acquisition and the instructor acts more like a usher and an perceiver. The communicative method is based on several rules. One of the most used list of rules is David Nunan ‘s ( 1991 ) which describes that: It puts accent in the communicating in the foreign linguistic communication across the interaction. It introduces existent texts in the state of affairs of acquisition. It offers chances to the students to believe about the acquisition procedure and non merely about the linguistic communication. It gives importance to the pupils ‘ personal experiences as elements that they contribute to the acquisition of the schoolroom. It tries to associate the linguistic communication learned in the schoolroom with activities realized out of it. Therefore, the pupils are larning like in the existent life from their experiences and besides from the experiences and feedback from their schoolmates. Besides, they are larning to utilize the linguistic communication in simulations of day-to-day state of affairss, so they are acquiring accomplishments to public presentation in a societal and cultural existent context utilizing a normal linguistic communication non a perfect one like the one used in books. The pupils besides learn to hold coherency when they are talking to do their sentences apprehensible and meaningful. In this sort of schoolroom the pupils work in braces or groups so they can be able to better their interaction whit other people imitating a existent state of affairs holding an interaction that allows them to negociate an discuss uncertainties. Is of import the uninterrupted usage of the mark linguistic communication, here is where the instructor acts as a proctor oversing that the pupils do n’t talk in thei r native linguistic communication in order to hold a existent pattern during the activities. The pupils does n’t hold to act in a specific manner, when a error happens the pupils are non punished, alternatively of that the instructor raters to honor the eloquence and good pronunciation. Besides, in some activities the pupils are free to take what to state and they besides can take the easiest manner to state it. Thus the pupil can develop schemes to larn and measure by themselves. Another of import point is that the pupils have the opportunity to show their feelings and emotions so they feel comfy in category because they feel they are doing an of import part for the acquisition procedure. This method uses an effort to animate the existent communicating but is non precisely the same. It ‘s of import that the pupils use what they learn in schoolroom when they are out of it. In other methods the chief purpose of acquisition is translate words and sentences and larn a perfect grammar that sometimes is sort of useless in existent life, is better to larn how to believe in the new linguistic communication so the pupils do n’t hold to interpret before speak, losing clip and eloquence. At the terminal, the significance is what matters the most. In other words what is of import is the content of the sentence, non the manner to state it. The chief technique in this method is to do activities that promote communicating between spouses. It ‘s of import to hold a desire of communicating doing inquiries and giving replies to advance duologue holding a ground or a subject to speak about. The instructor can put the subject or give the pupils freedom to take it, therefore the pupils have a communicative intent. Sometimes activities in the communicative schoolroom can look unreal because pupils are merely conceive ofing state of affairss and besides because the instructor is largely of the clip following to them which non occurs in existent state of affairss. To avoid this disadvantage, the instructor can seek to utilize more existent stuff like magazines, books, games, etc. I think that this method can be used in a learner-centered schoolroom where the most of import individual is the pupil and all the activities are focused to better the public presentation of the scholar acquiring near to existent life state of affairss. In my personal experience as pupil I have had the opportunity to experiment communicative activities and I truly like them because small by small I ‘m less afraid to talk and to do errors because if I ‘m incorrect normally I have feedback from my schoolmates or from my instructor. Besides this method makes me experience more interested in the new linguistic communication, English in this instance because I like to utilize it non merely in the schoolroom but in my existent life. I would wish to utilize this method in my categories to do them more merriment and interesting and besides to make a friendly environment with my pupils. Mentions: Wikipedia ( 2009 ) Metodo Comunicativo [ Website ] Available from: A ; lt ; hypertext transfer protocol: //es.wikipedia.org/wiki/M % C3 % A9todo_comunicativo gt ; [ December 2009 ] Nunan, David. ( 1991 ) . Planing undertakings for the communicative schoolroom. Cambridge Language Teaching Library [ Online Book ] Available from: A ; lt ; hypertext transfer protocol: //books.google.com.mx/books? id=NSlMZp9XkHoC A ; dq=david+nunan % 2Bcommunicative+teaching A ; lr= A ; source=gbs_navlinks_s gt ; [ December 2009 ] Harmer, Jeremy ( 1991 ) The pattern of English Language Teaching. Longman.Longman Printing New York. Hedge, Tricia ( 2000 ) Teaching and Learning in the Language Classroom. Oxford University Press Library [ Online Book ] Available from: A ; lt ; hypertext transfer protocol: //books.google.com.mx/books? id=VG8NuoGgKJYC A ; dq=hedge+tricia A ; lr= gt ; [ December 2009 ] How to cite A Study On Communicative Teaching Education Essay, Essay examples

Retail Innovation - Tesco in the United Kingdom

Question: Discuss the impact which the growth and repositioning of UK traditional discount grocery retailers may have on their distribution tactics? Answer: Introduction One of the most competitive markets in the United Kingdom is the traditional discount grocery retailers. The regular discount grocery retails in UK offers their customers with the much-discounted price on their commodities. The primary objective is to provide their customers that are value for their money. The customers in UK demand the best quality products with the lowest price in the market. To survive the competition and provide their customers with quality products, the UK grocery retails adapted different quality tactics that are influenced by the growth and repositioning of the retailers. Analysis of discounted grocery retailers Shopping Habits and Reduction in the average order size The change in the technological, economic and financial condition in UK has forced to change the shopping habits and reduction in the average order size of the customers (Shabbir 2015). In the earlier days, customers used to buy the requirement from different stores, nowadays customers look for a place, where all the items can be available under the same roof. The changes in the customers dietary habits change the purchasing pattern of the customer. With the increase in some retails discounted stores in UK and their reliable network of stores, the customers preferred the stores that can provide them with all the variety of items in the same place. The location of the store is also a vital factor for attracting the customers, for example, retail stores having a nearby petrol station tends to have more regular customers. Figure 1: Factors for the Shopping Habits (Source: Zielke 2014, pp- 330) With the increase in the trend of online shopping from the e-stores, the customers tend to buy more product online rather than coming down to the nearby stores. The customers are acutely readjusting on the pattern of their shopping. The shoppers tend to buy more bulk products when the items are on sale or much-discounted price than the regular prices. The services provided to them in the retail shopping markets along with the discounted prices has promoted the frequent shopping experiences along with the less item in their shopping cart. Adjustment to the product offering The traditional discount grocery retails to target their customers with the customer value proposition. The customer value proposition is a tool that understands the customers to need and satisfactory requirement. The customer value proposition or the consumer proposition helps the shoppers to identify the value of the products and services offered in the retail stores. The traditional discount grocery retailers have made some adjustments and variations in the products and services given to the customers. The price of the discounted product is the key element of the retailers strategy. The product offered in a store need to be 5% to 30% discounted than their potent competitors (Gonzalez-Benito Martos-Partal 2014). Increasing the warehouse stock of the retail store and the widening the Stock Keeping Units (SKUs), sourcing more of the regional fresh food items, introducing more expensive brands with discounted value promised to increase the sale of leading discounted grocery retailers in UK. Significant reductions in shelf-space By reducing the Stock Keeping Units and the shelf-space of the various discounted grocery retails in UK the stores can maintain the supply chain efficiency. The traditional grocery stored in UK provides a wide range of daily, fast moving assortment of products in all categories. More than 80% of the total sales are accounted from the regional and local brand of products (Tseltsova Bohnert 2015). Reducing the shelf space in the SKUs in reduces the manufacturing cost with large stocks in the SKUs. Within the various retails it increases the productivity and efficiency of the workers in the retails shop through affecting the most efficient methods of the stocking. The different grocery retailers have developed a well connected and efficient network of resources in the previous decades. This, in turn, gives the advantage of stock replenishment within a shorter distance from the stores and warehouses. Wider promotion and product introductions There always remains a potent amount of risk in introducing new products in the retails shops. The launching of any new products in the UK market involves a lot of systemic investigation on the customer need and market status. The detailed investigation of the new product introduction includes developing and analyzing the product strategy; understands the demand of newly launched products and the competitive stance of various similar existing products in the UK market (Wrigley Lowe 2014). The success of newly launched products in the retails stores is affected greatly by the considerable promotion of the product in the targeted UK market. The price of the newly introduced product at the time of initial launch helps in targeting a large number of customers. The increase in promotions and the product introductions helps in increase the current market share and attracting more customers. By introducing various brands for the same items gives the customers a wide variety of ranges to ch oose from the shelf-space. Different Service Objectives The different leading grocery discount retails in UK like the Tesco, Aldi, Lidl, Netto have the almost same objectives for their services (Sogn Grundvag et al., 2014). All the grocery retails are service oriented and aims at dominating the supermarkets in UK. The primary aim of different grocery retails in UK is to reduce the cost of their products to survive the competitive environment. Various management approaches have been adopted to minimize the time and space in the grocery retails. The time and space reduction has in turn reduced the total production cost of the services and leads to the reduced cost of the items. Reducing the waste includes reducing the different power consumptions in the retails stores. The several retail stores have applied many strategies to lessen the waste including defining the opening time of the stores (Ododo et al., 2015). This approach has reduced the waste of power, electricity, and water waste and concentrated the customers in the peak hours. Figure 2: Different Service Objectives of the Grocery Retailers in UK (Source: Monios 2015, pp-15) The adequate staff support and store management in different retail stores helps in reducing the management cost increase the customer satisfaction in the retail grocery stores in UK. The efficient display in the retail stores with the scanning process within the customers trolley helps in enhancing the customers shopping experience. Potential impact on distribution network structures There are six different types of network structures with classifications; the researcher has discussed the potential impacts on them in this section. Impact on Manufacturer storage with direct shipping The main impact on the retailers is that drop shipping enables the centralization of inventories at the manufacturer. The manufacturer has the chance of aggregating the product demand and as well as the providing higher level of product supply to the lower levels of inventory (Businesscasestudies.co.uk, 2016). The individual retailers have added benefits of higher value recognition whereas the unpredictable demand can be identified. For instance, eBags sold the bags for having higher value and relatively low volume per SKU. The storage benefits are smaller for each items, known demands, and low value (Monios, 2015). In this manner, the drop shipping process would not provide important amount of inventory advantage to online grocery retailers while selling staple item as detergent. Impact of Storage with direct shipping and in-transit of products Unlike pure drop shipping process, the in-transit process addition provides lower transportation cost and better customer experience. The main disadvantage will be additional effort in the in-transit merging process (Zielke, 2014). Compared to drop shipping and merely fright system has lower volume for each manufacturer with effectiveness. Ododo, Mulholland Turner (2015) demonstrated that in case of more sources of products, the in-transit process may difficult to monitor and control. Therefore, Dell PC with Sony Monitor may be a variety but the storage locations being fewer, the in-transit process is difficult. Impact on Distributer storage with carrier The distributor storage with carrier delivery of products is well suited with medium to fast moving items. UK retailers feel distributer storage is efficient, as the customer requires faster delivery process, whereas the manufacturer storage may turn out to be slower delivery (Gonzalez-Benito Martos-Partal, 2014). However, the product variety is lower in distributor storage rather than manufacturer inventory for obvious reasons of supply chain handling. Impact on distributor inventory with last mile delivery The last mile delivery is out-of-place in high labour cost areas and the distributor storage with last mile delivery is unjustified. In case of large-scale customer requirement of last mile delivery, this network structure can be desired. For instance, the Albertsons existing grocery store serves two purposes simultaneously (Leal, 2014). One portion serves the order fulfilment and another part serves the replenishment purpose of the grocery store. The last mile delivery is based on customers willingness to pay for the service. Impact on Manufacturer or Distributor storage with customer pickup The customer pickup process minimizes the delivery cost with expanding the set of sold products with online services (Brandes Brandes, 2015). The severe impact is on the handling cost at the pickup site, the business growth is dependent over the sustained pickup process. Impact on the Retail Storage with customer pickup The advantage is on the local inventories as the minimizing of delivery cost with faster response services than the other network structures (Shabbir, 2015). Any retailer business will have better service offering with faster product delivery; however, the issues are the enhanced inventory management cost. Therefore, the faster and rapid response-loving customers have better impact on this network structure. Quick response and agile replenishment tactics for UK grocery retailers The Quick Response adoption has the centralized aim of cutting the inventory cost and as well as the improvement of product flows. The UK grocery retailers have installer sales based ordering (SBO) for sold and scanned items in any shop; the information is used for replenishment and re-ordering systems (Atkearney.co.uk, 2016). This information sharing helps the suppliers to react quickly balancing with the demand of customers. The Quick Response (QR) adoption has the following tactics. Alignment of organizational activity with the demand is the main and fundamental principle leading to QR. Connection between the demand and supply provides importance to the strategic alignment of the retailer organization. QR identifies the customer and product relationship with dynamic product flow and varying product attributes with types. QR includes the strategic decision over the partnership and alliances over retailing business. Replenishment tactics and principles are dependent over the above-mentioned QR tactics. As with the increased demand and demand supply relationship, the retailers are reliable with rapid replenishment of products (Van Baal, 2014). While the QR being agile, the replacement of products is dynamic with the customer demand. Alternative handling solutions The alternative handling solutions include the better marketing management, relentless profit optimization and strategic business process. The better online grocery retailing business comprises of suitable web design and functionality. The United Kingdom online grocery retailer websites provide richer viewing of products, labelling of brands, prices and packing sizes (www.mckinsey.com, 2013). Including the smart searching process with did you mean suggestions, makes the services consistent in Europe. The website must be providing the online profits and contextual benefits of basket selection. For instance, Tesco started the business venture with in-store picking then changed into a dedicated-warehouse model (Ododo, Mulholland Turner, 2015). The UK retailing giant now offers the customers with click and collect as well. The strategic business process includes both anticipation and adaptation to certain changes. Changes to warehouse procedures and supporting technologies The warehouse procedures include the new technologies as the Group Ordering System by ORACLE. For instance, Tesco implemented this system for maintaining fresh food forecasts and optimization of orders and safety stock level. The GOS is effective for reducing food waste in stores as well as the reducing lead times (Agr.gc.ca, 2015). The supporting technologies may be the surveillance system with saving energy saving of 75%, minimizing operational costs. For rapid replenishment, the video analytics may be important for getting better inventory data with Point of Sales (POS) data. The newly implemented technologies made the retailing business easier with product recognizing, minimization in replenishment time, one-touch replenishment, improved product presentation and removing process from the stores (Mason Evans, 2015). The new technologies provide Retail-Ready Packaging (RRP) with maintaining the QR and replenishment tactics. Conclusion The United Kingdom has a cosmopolitan retail market. The various retail markets face a massive competition from different European companies having fast production and low transportation cost. The detailed studies of the various impacts of the traditional discount grocery retailers in UK have been analyzed. The growth and repositioning of the retail have a substantial amount of impact on the diverse distribution tactics in the business. The changing shopping habits of the customers lead to various changes in the product offerings of the retailers. The remarkable reductions in the SKUs shelf space have improved the profitability of the retail stores in UK. Recommendation To overcome the pessimistic impact of the different distribution tactics the different discount grocery retails have on the growth and repositioning are recommended to adopt a quick and agile replenishment tactics with the alternative handling solutions in case of e-shopping. The grocery retail sin UK also recommended changing their warehousing procedure and techniques like implementing Oracle etc. The detailed study has analyzed the business positioned and different strategies to improve the services with more active services with replenishment tactics and technologically advanced strategies. The changes in the warehouse structure and procedure of the retailers need to be provided with alternative handling solutions in case of an emergency. Reflection The detailed study and analysis of the different discount grocery retailers in UK are done in this report. The study has helped us understand the complicated situation underlying the various grocery stores in UK. Improving the items services in the stores with the technologically improved services is the primary aim of to improve the services. Thus, it can be deduced that the growth and repositioning of the UK traditional discount grocery retail have their impact on the distribution tactics applied by the companies. References Agr.gc.ca,. (2015).Retail Innovation - Tesco in the United Kingdom - Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (AAFC). Retrieved 16 January 2016, from https://www.agr.gc.ca/eng/industry-markets-and-trade/statistics-and-market-information/by-region/europe/market-intelligence/retail-innovation-tesco-in-the-united-kingdom/?id=1413385970849 Atkearney.co.uk,. (2016).What Traditional Retailers Can Learn From The Discounters - Paper - A.T. Kearney | United Kingdom - A.T. Kearney. Retrieved 16 January 2016, from https://www.atkearney.co.uk/paper/-/asset_publisher/dVxv4Hz2h8bS/content/what-traditional-retailers-can-learn-from-the-discounters/10192 Brandes, D., Brandes, N. (2015).Bare Essentials: The Aldi Success Story. Linde Verlag GmbH. Businesscasestudies.co.uk,. (2016).Introduction - Competitive advantage through efficiency - Aldi | Aldi case studies, videos, social media and information | Business Case Studies. Retrieved 16 January 2016, from https://businesscasestudies.co.uk/aldi/competitive-advantage-through-efficiency/introduction.html#axzz3xZrKzENB Financial Times,. (2016).Aldi and Lidl lead charge of discount supermarkets - FT.com. Retrieved 16 January 2016, from https://www.ft.com/cms/s/cbdf0bfa-fd61-11e3-bc93-00144feab7de,Authorised=false.html?siteedition=uk_i_location=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ft.com%2Fcms%2Fs%2F0%2Fcbdf0bfa-fd61-11e3-bc93-00144feab7de.html%3Fsiteedition%3Duk_i_referer=http%3A%2F%2Fabsas.net%2F8d115631aec018f1435ad08ba2b82490classification=conditional_standardiab=barrier-app#axzz3xYTvdIJE Geppert, M., Williams, K., Wortmann, M. (2014). Micro-political game playing in Lidl: A comparison of store-level employment relations.European Journal of Industrial Relations, 0959680114544015. Gonzalez-Benito, O., Martos-Partal, M. (2014). Price sensitivity versus perceived quality: moderating effects of retailer positioning on private label consumption.Journal of Business Economics and Management,15(5), 935-950. Leal, J. L. D. F. S. (2014). Pricing strategies of the supermarket sector. Mason, R., Evans, B. (2015).The Lean Supply Chain: Managing the Challenge at Tesco. Kogan Page Publishers. Monios, J. (2015). Integrating intermodal transport with logistics: a case study of the UK retail sector.Transportation Planning and Technology,38(3). Ododo, C., Mulholland, G., Turner, J. (2015). Can Discount Pricing Be A Comeptitive Brand Strategy? An Evaluation of Aldi. InInternational Conference on Marketing and Business Development Journal(Vol. 1, No. 1, pp. 241-251). The Bucharest University of Economic Studies. Shabbir, M. S. (2015). Why Manufacturers are Less Powerful than Retailers in Trade Circles? A Case Study of Wal-Mart Retailing Business.Business and Economics Journal,2015. Sogn Grundvg, G., Larsen, T. A., Young, J. A. (2014). Product differentiation with credence attributes and private labels: the case of whitefish in UK supermarkets.Journal of Agricultural Economics,65(2), 368-382. Tseltsova, A., Bohnert, K. (2015). The international marketing strategy of grocery retailersthe strategy of adaptation and standardization. Van Baal, S. (2014). Should retailers harmonize marketing variables across their distribution channels? An investigation of cross-channel effects in multi-channel retailing.Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services,21(6), 1038-1046. Wrigley, N., Lowe, M. (2014).Reading retail: a geographical perspective on retailing and consumption spaces. Routledge. www.mckinsey.com,. (2013).Perspectives on Retail and Consumer Goods. Retrieved 16 January 2016, from https://www.mckinsey.com/~/.../book_perspectives_2013-03-04_final.ashx Zielke, S. (2014). Shopping in discount stores: The role of price-related attributions, emotions and value perception.Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services,21(3), 327-338.

Stanford Essays - Lego, Toy Block, , Term Papers

Stanford Essay for Stanford As the beast ran rampant through the streets, I couldn't help but wonder if my work had been for naught. Trying to salvage any remains, I chased my dog from the room and stared at the havoc left in his wake. The city lay in ruins; the buildings were razed. The prospect of beginning from scratch was ponderous, but I instantly welcomed the challenge. With patience and determination, I began returning the small plastic bricks into their former glory; and then greater glory. Block by block I rebuilt my cities and block by block they built me. From these Legos I learned valuable lessons in versatility, creativity, and tenacity. The sheer vastness of possibilities that Legos present is both intimidating and exhilarating. The colorful blocks lay strewn about in no particular pattern and no particular order. From this chaos virtually anything can be created. As a child I gradually learned not to be intimidated by the endless possibilities but to embrace them, to relish the opportunity to create something from nothing. A preschool teacher recommended holding me back one year. Because I preferred the challenge of Legos to running about with the other children on the playground, she believed that I was socially and psychologically unprepared for school. Little did she realize that the creativity these blocks taught me became a cornerstone for the rest of my life. The seemingly insurmountable challenges gave me confidence and taught me to value cooperation. Watching my Lego edifices grow slowly but surely skyward taught me patience. Watching them fall again taught me the tenacity to continue onwards. Remembering how each task was created piece by piece allowed me to, line by line, memorize the works of history's greatest playwrights. I was able to join MEChA and help lead the Latino community as co-president, arranging events with our two hundred members. My organizational skills were further utilized as the commissioner of elections. Legos also taught me to help others and to ask for their help. I realized that with the creativity another person at my disposal, we could build things we had never even dreamed of on our own. During my senior year of High School I was introduced to crew. I was enthralled by the rhythmic grace of the sport. My dreams soon had me breathing the early morning air nearly flying over the surface of the water. This dream seemed destined to die unfulfilled because I grew up in a part of the country where crew refers to the roadside construction teams, but before the year was out I had convinced one of the Olympic coaches to take me under his wing. This interest is one I would like to develop further. As the years went by, my Lego blocks made way for the blocks of my future. But just like my experiences with Legos, I continue to choose individual blocks from chaos, each one bringing me closer to the life I dream of. The spires lead up to a diploma, the drawbridge leads to a family, and the buttresses support my lofty aspirations.

The slang debate - Emphasis

The slang debate The slang debate When actress Emma Thompson warned teenagers against using slang on a recent visit to her former school, she probably didnt expect to spark a debate. But spark one she did. It was, apparently, the likes, innits? and it aints she heard bouncing around the Camden School for Girls, Thompsons alma mater, which drove her insane. She told the students: Dont do it because it makes you sound stupid and youre not stupid. Youre missing the point, the opposing side promptly retorted. The kids are all right. Its the moaning adults attitudes that need to change. Complaints about the standard of English [] have gone on for hundreds of years, points out Raphael Salkie, a professor of language studies at the University of Brighton. There never was a golden age when everyone used English properly. And, while Salkie admits Thompson and her critiquing ilk are in highly esteemed company John Milton, Jonathan Swift and George Orwell to name a few they are merely middle-aged grumps who are wallowing in nostalgia. But they are, he says, pining for a time that never really existed. Yet even taking this into account, another of Thompsons points bears repeating one on the importance of understanding the context in which you speak: There is a necessity to have two languages one you use with your mates and the other that you need in any official capacity. Well, thats a different point entirely, isnt it? Not just slashing a big red line through any and all slang, but knowing when to use a different language. And thats something we all do every day. Its unlikely you use the exact same vocabulary at home as you do in a board meeting, or when out on the town. To many, the word slang might have only negative connotations. But David Crystal, former professor of linguistics at the University of Reading, merely defines it as, informal, non-standard vocabulary, or the jargon of a special group. So slang is not just a way for younguns to separate themselves from their elders; its also a way for them to show unity with their peers. And, of course, it can do this for any age or even any class. Problems could perhaps arise if the speaker couldnt understand the line between social contexts and the vocabularies that should accompany different situations. Interestingly, a study by the Cambridge Assessment Group in 2005 found that GCSE pupils literacy was dramatically higher than it had been ten years before, despite the fact that they used more slang. Students used a wider vocabulary, more accurate punctuation and more complex sentences; but they also used more colloquialisms, text message symbols and non-standard English, like double negatives. This was the case even among those receiving the highest grades. Of course, the perception in the world beyond the classroom is often that using non-standard English is sloppy and a sign of poor literacy. While a teacher may award a high grade in spite of the use of slang and suchlike, it is likely someone using similar language in the workplace would do less well. Potential employers probably wouldnt read beyond the first gr8 in a CV, and the rest of the content however impressive would be lost. Cambridge Assessment Group ran another study on teenagers ability to recognise non-standard English in 2010. It found that although GCSE pupils rates of identifying and correcting non-standard English were quite high, fewer than six in ten of them recognised that off of and she was stood were grammatically incorrect. Perhaps more worryingly, almost three in ten didnt flag up should of. But do we expect this to be something theyll grow out of? Or should we bring back more rigidly taught grammar lessons in school? The great slang debate may never go away perhaps because it is endlessly recycled: yesterdays teens could well be tomorrows curmudgeons. Or, is this in fact more than middle-aged moaning? What do you think?

Voting Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Voting - Assignment Example Michigan as a state has 16 electoral votes, which are highly influential during the process of electing the next president. As a rule, the 16 electoral votes from Michigan will go to the presidential candidate who has won the majority rule. Majority rule at times is usually overlooked when electoral votes are considered. When analyzing the 1876 election, electoral votes proved to be powerful than the majority rule. Nebraska as a state has 5 electoral votes; the majority rule will determine the presidential winner (McCaffrey, 2004). In 1876, the presidential election in the United States was tightly contested, and it resulted in a lot of controversy. The presidential race was between Rutherford B. Hayes and Samuel J. Tilden. Hayes was a republican candidate from Ohio, while Tilden was a democratic from New York. Although, Hayes was pronounced as the president, a lot of questions were raised. The results showed that, Tilden had a popular vote of 4.2 million, against Hayes’s 4.0 million. However, regarding electoral votes, Hayes had 185 electoral votes, a difference of 1 from Tilden who had 184 electoral votes (McCaffrey, 2004). The 1968 presidential election, tightly contested by top candidates Richard Nixon a republican, Hubert H. Humphrey a democrat, and George Wallace from the American Independent party, ultimately resulted in Nixon winning. The popular vote results were Nixon’s approximately 31,700,000 votes, Humphrey’s approximately 31,200,000 votes and Wallace’s approximately 9,900,000 votes. The electoral vote results were Nixon 301, Humphrey 191 and Wallace 46. The election was a plurality because the presidential winner, Nixon, only attained 43.4%, which was less than the required majority vote of more than 51%. The other candidates, Humphrey, and Wallace had 42.7% and 13.5% respectively (McCaffrey, 2004). The 1824 presidential election, contested

Mismatch Repair Genes and Cancer Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Mismatch Repair Genes and Cancer - Essay Example The study attempted to screen for two major types of mutations. One type of mutation that was tested for was the loss of heterozygosity, which is a type of mutation that generates a change in the type of genetic transmission of cells. The other type of mutation that was screened in the study was microsatellite instability. This mutation is usually observed in long sequences that were composed of repeating segments. These two types of mutations were considered to be important in determining whether a certain gene does influence the development of cancer. The study was conducted in a Portugese hospital, wherein approximately 287 patient subjects participants. These patients were already diagnosed to have breast cancer. In addition, there were 547 individuals who also participated in the study as controls, or individuals who were pre-determined to be normal and healthy. The study wanted to estimate the chances of developing breast cancer based on the presence and number of mutations in the MMR genes that were studied. The MMR genes tested in the investigation included the mismatch repair genes of the MSH family, as well as that of the MLH family. The PMS1 and MUTYH were also other genes that belonged to the MMR class of repair genes.

Hacker Culture and Cyber Security Issues Assignment

Hacker Culture and Cyber Security Issues - Assignment Example Black hat hackers are the most daring because they use their knowledge to obtain information and data for their own personal gains or with the intention of disrupting network systems. These are the hackers that have given hacker culture a bad reputation in America because they have been involved in activities of getting military secrets and accessing banks secret information. On the other hand, white hat hackers use their knowledge and skills to develop computer securities while grey hat hackers are mainly motivated by money. In this new era of digital, cyber crime is the most imperative type of crime that worries many people around the world. Government agencies, financial institutions, businesses and other entities that store their data and information in digitals should be aware of possible breaches of security in their data. This is because very sensitive data such as financial accounts and social security can be accessed and manipulated by other people with wrong intentions. The se people commonly referred as hackers use their outstanding knowledge to find out weaknesses in computer networks. Multitude of reasons such as challenge, profit and protest is what motivates them to cracking into other people’s computer system to get information. ... In addition, the advancing technology has increased international treaty of crimes committed through computer networks and internets (Fideral Bereau of Investigation, 2010). Some of the crimes that take place in the internet are computer related fraud, violation of internet security, child pornography and information hacking. Although many people do not know much about hackers, they are aware of the cruel damage they can accomplish in computer networks. This is because they have the capability of circumventing security to get into the unauthorized systems. Today’s cyber world has been facilitated by different hacker cultures which are made of both good and bad hackers. Accessing information and data from network systems and selling in the black market has become a way of life for many hackers in the nation. They have reshaped their own place in the current technological societies by robotic lifestyle (Seltzer Law, 2012). Hacker culture, which was considered as part of undergro und activity, is now part of the modern societies that consist of very educated criminals. This is because nowadays due to growth of technology at an alarming rate, societies are getting accustomed to hackers’ threats. This has created security concerns for businesses, public institutions and individuals across the world. Although the government is making positive steps to deter cyber crimes, it is unable to keep the pace of groups and individual hackers (Federal Bureau of Investigation, 2011). The pledge of computer system hacking was first developed by students from Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in 1800s. They created a blueprint that facilitated their skills to break through telephone companies. These skills were then developed and allowed the students to break into

What Works in Preventing Modern Slavery

What Works in Preventing Modern Slavery This essay focuses on Modern Slavery which covers human trafficking, slavery, forced labour and domestic slavery. It will concentrate on forced labour within the Modern Slavery Act 2015. It will outline what force labour means, review statistics that evidence the extent of the problem, and then make some recommendations to stop forced labour. According to International Labour Organisation (ILO) (2017) forced labour refers to the act of coercing or deceiving someone into working against their will. Victims of forced labour are often controlled by their ‘employers’ through various means such as threats, physical harm, confiscation of identity documents and the withholding of wages. Indirect force may be used such as retaining the documentation of the foreign nations to prevent them from returning to their native country. They go on to say that forced labour and human trafficking are modern forms of slavery and require attention. They are not identical within the legal system. Most situations of slavery and human trafficking are covered by their definition of forced labour. Children.gov.on.ca commented in a ‘Review of the Roots of Youth Violence’ paper that rational choice theory is based on the original opinions of classical criminology, which enables people to freely choose their behaviour and is motivated by the avoidance of pain and to search for pleasure. In terms of offending, rational choice suggests that offenders weigh the potential benefits and consequences associated with committing an offence. Rational choice focuses on the opportunity to commit crime and on how criminal choices are structured by the social environment and situational variables. The ILO reported in 2017, that there is an estimation of 40.3 million people in modern slavery. This includes 24.9 million in forced labour and 15.4 million who are in forced marriages. This means there are 5.4 victims of modern slavery to 1,000 people in the world. Roughly 10 million children are victims of modern slavery. Of the 24.9 million people who are trapped in forced labour, 16 million people are exploited as domestic work, construction or agriculture by the private sector, 4.8 million people are exploited within the sex world and 4 million people are forced labour by the state authorities. Below the charts in figure 1 and figure 2 shows the ILO’s Global estimates of modern slavery: including forced labour and forced marriage. The Modern Slavery Act 2015 protects people held for slavery or servitude and if they are forced into it or compulsory labour beyond their will. Also, human trafficking is covered by The Act, by making it an offence if anyone arranges and enables another person to travel, who is going to be exploited. This person can be either an adult or child. The Modern Slavery Act 2015 consolidates existing offences of human trafficking and slavery and encompasses trafficking for all forms of exploitation. This Act replaces offences of human trafficking arising under section 59A Sexual Offences Act 2003 and section 4 Asylum and Immigration Act 2004. The Act also replaces the offence of holding another person in slavery or servitude or requiring another person to perform forced or compulsory labour arising under section 71 Coroners and Justice Act 2009 (cps.gov.uk). This consolidation of existing regulations into a single statue is an important development in the UK because hopefully to improve the conviction rates current criminal offences in relation to slavery and trafficking and by increasing the maximum penalty to deter potential offenders. Tilley (2009) notes the general value of specific deterrence within a Direct Criminal Justice System (CJS) Approach points out that offenders are deterred from committing future crimes by the unpleasantness of punishment, by having harsher penalties and these seeing others being punished and will other individuals from committing crimes. The Independent Anti-Slavery Commissioner Strategic Plan 2015–2017, was produced by the government in line with the Modern Slavery Act 2015. The Strategic Plan acknowledges the scale of the problem of modern slavery and makes practical recommendations to try to address the issues. Within the document the Home Office estimates in UK that there were between 10,000 – 13,000 potential victims of modern slavery in 2014. There is some improvement to identify possible victims, so they can be removed from exploitation and protect them from further harm and enable them to receive the right help they need. Those victims often suffer from varied physical and psychological health issues. Some are classed as serious problems from the direct results of exploitation they may have suffered. It is important to make the victims feel safe and secure and protect them from harm by getting them the support and care once they are removed from those who have been exploiting them. This is so they can be empowered to increase their long-term healing, strength, and regain into inclusive society and to rebuild their lives. The way forward for this to be achieved is to work with the Home Office, border control and health agencies across UK. Appropriate awareness raising, and training should be put in place and promoted regularly. They also need to regularly review the associated material is fit for purpose about helping the potential victims to access appropriate support and assistance. More work is necessary within the immigration, border control, trading standards, police, courts and prosecution. Additionally, training is required to highlight the potential signs of victims whether they are UK citizens or foreign citizens. If police and the community should be vigilant and aware that a property has barred windows or curtains are permanently drawn, this may be because victims of modern slavery are possibly being held there. This is done to prevent them from climbing out. Other indications could be if the letterbox sealed up, so it cannot be used and is there any sign of electricity attached to neighbouring properties or directly from power lines. If businesses are using people for forced labour then they may be wearing inappropriate clothing required for the job, have poor hygiene, be fearful or unwilling to engage with the public or other colleagues. The report outlines that modern slavery in the UK is a high profit and low risk crime. The reason for modern slavery is a high profit and low risk crime because human trafficking is one of the fastest growing criminal enterprises. Criminal organizations are increasingly attracted to human trafficking because, unlike drugs, humans can be sold repeatedly. Human trafficking not only involves sex and labour, but people are also trafficked for organ harvesting. So criminal organisations can distance themselves easily from the victims by selling them on regularly. In 2014 the Home Office estimated that approximately 11,500 potential victims of modern slavery across UK. They also report there were just 2,340 potential victims reported to the National Referral Mechanism. The National Referral Mechanism  (NRM) is a framework for identifying victims of human trafficking or modern slavery and ensuring they receive the appropriate support. Very few modern slavery crimes come the attention of the police and criminal justice agencies and even fewer offenders are caught and convicted. The report estimates that 187 prosecutions involving human trafficking offences were flagged up by the Crown Prosecution Service in 2014-15 and 130 of those cases resulted in a successful conviction. However, data from Ministry of Justice showed only 39 convictions in 2014 from slavery and human trafficking offences as a principal offence. The discrepancy arguably indicates that the Crown Prosecution Service and Ministry of Justice are not working together effectively. The anti-slavery organisation highlights how the UK can challenge modern slavery. They state there are three areas to focus on. Firstly, in policing. Although modern slavery has become more visual it has been rising considerably over the past few years. Some cases are still turned away by the police because they are not believed, and those who has been forced into crime have been treated as criminals. Secondly, is identification. The referral system in use often only looks at victims of forced labour through their immigration status. This means people from outside the European Union are up to four times less likely to be recognised as victims of trafficking and are often deported rather than protected. Also, visa rules also prevent overseas  domestic workers from leaving abusive employers and seeking out new ones. This often leads them to suffer abuse in silence. Lastly, is protection. Protection and support for victims of trafficking is inconsistent, especially after all the gover nment cuts and cost-efficiency savings. The victims of forced labour who have survived and been rescued, have been in a safe house to recover but that is only for a limited time and they do not get long-term support even if they need it, so they can fully recover and get their lives back on track. They also state that the protection of children is also of great concern. A Child Guardianship scheme has been included in the Modern Slavery Act, but the full implementation of it is not scheduled until mid-2019. To help to prevent and reduce modern slavery, it would help to have a multi-agency team, which should include the police, health and social services, local authority, immigration, border control and trading standards. This is to be able to prevent other crimes committed within the modern slavery (forced labour) and crimes being committed by the victims of forced labour when trying to escape captivity. Organisations like health and social services, local authority, housing departments, voluntary organisations are available to support the police with supporting victims of modern slavery. Some voluntary organisations which are available includes refuge, shelter, NSPCC, Women’s Aid and translation organisations. These agencies can help victims to trust authorities that they are there to help and will not deport them back to their original country. Deportation will not be done for up to 90 days as the victims have access to ‘move-on’ support, such as ongoing accommodation, counselling, expert advice and advocacy before the final decision is made (Newton, gov.uk). They can then hopefully set up a peer group to be able to support others with their experiences with agreement to have a councillor on hand if people need to talk through things as and when needed. Other recommendations that possibly need to be in place are to have more border agency staff at ports and air ports to be able to check all vehicles arriving to stop illegal immigrants being brought in against their will or have paid the drivers to do so for a better life. More checks are needed on foreign national coming in with little money to support themselves. To disrupt criminal activity Tilley (2009) says there should be intelligence led policing to monitor and trace criminal organisations, and learn more about the offenders’ behaviour patterns. Also, when taken to court those drivers caught should be imposed with more severe fines because the fines are only  £2,000 per migrant (express, 2017). For people who employ illegal immigrants’ penalties should be more severe than they are. At the present the sentences are imprisonment for 5 years and pay a fine of up to  £20,000 for each illegal worker (gov.uk). Lastly, it is recommended that literature is published and advertised in different languages to help people what they need to do if they are victims or know someone who is possibly a victim of modern slavery (forced labour). In conclusion this essay focused on modern slavery and mainly forced labour. It has highlighted that people are still victims of modern slavery (forced labour) since the Modern Slavery Act 2015 came into force. Modern Slavery Act 2015 and the Strategic plan are positive steps, but more is needed to be done to address modern slavery, given the extent and complexity of the issue. For example, importantly more public awareness need to be advertised to know what modern slavery and forced labour is about and what signs to look out for and how to report their fears. Also, the sentencing for people convicted needs to be more severe, and more convictions are needed to highlight the crime and raise awareness for the public and make them aware something to there to prevent it. References Adu, A. 2017.  Lorry drivers receive record number of fines for bringing illegal immigrants into Britain.  Available: www.express.co.uk/news/uk/821265/migrant-crisis-lorry-drivers-fined-immigrants-sneak-UK-vehicles. Last accessed 26 November 2017. antislavery. 2017.  What is modern slavery?  Available: https://www.antislavery.org/slavery-today/modern-slavery/. Last accessed 4 December 2017. CPS. 2017.  Human Trafficking, Smuggling and Slavery.  Available: http://www.cps.gov.uk/legal/h_to_k/human_trafficking_and_smuggling/. Last accessed 19 December 2017. gov.uk. 2016.  Penalties for employing illegal workers.  Available: https://www.gov.uk/penalties-for-employing-illegal-workers. Last accessed 26 November 2017 Hyland, K. 2015.  Independent Anti-Slavery Commissioner Strategic Plan 2015–2017.  Available: http://www.antislaverycommissioner.co.uk/media/1075/iasc_strategicplan_2015.pdf. Last accessed 29 November 2017. Hyland, K. 2017.  Independent Anti-Slavery Commissioner: Annual Report 2016 2017.  Available: http://www.antislaverycommissioner.co.uk/media/1164/iasc_annual-report-16-17-web.pdf. Last accessed 4 December 2017. International Labour Organisation and Walk Free Foundation. 2017.  Global estimates of modern slavery: forced labour and forced marriage.  Available: http://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/@dgreports/@dcomm/documents/publication/wcms_575479.pdf. Last accessed 16 December 2017. International Labour Organization (ILO). 2014.  The meanings of Forced Labour.  Available: http://www.ilo.org/global/topics/forced-labour/news/WCMS_237569/langen/index.htm. Last accessed 2 December 2017. Myers, N. 2016.  Review of the Roots of Youth Violence: Literature Reviews Volume 5, Chapter 3:  Available: http://www.children.gov.on.ca/htdocs/English/professionals/oyap/roots/volume5/chapter03_rational_choice.aspx. Last accessed 6 January 2018. Newton, S. 2016.  Modern slavery victims to receive longer period of. Available: https://www.gov.uk/government/news/modern-slavery-victims-to-receive-longer-period-of-support. Last accessed 28 December 2017 The Modern Slavery Act 2015

Mother Teresa :: essays research papers

Matt Miller   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   3-15-00 Mr. Thorp Morality Per. A Mother Teresa   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Mother Teresa was a powerful woman with her missions and countless acts of mercy. Powerful leaders in our world today should learn from Mother Teresa and her countless acts of mercy, which she performed. Often men and women in powerful positions misuse their strengths simply for their own personal benefit. Mother Teresa is a perfect example of a modern day saint. Through her love and guidance of Jesus Christ, Mother Teresa proves to be savior. Now if you compare Mother Teresa to some of today’s wealthy politics and the way they conduct themselves, you will see a great contrast between to two. Mother Teresa does not work out of the intent to profit but instead out of her love to help others, like no other women our society has seen.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Mother Teresa used her power of love from God to help those in desperate need. Mother Teresa didn’t get paid for anything she did nor would she except money from organizations or donations. It was not like Mother Teresa had an overwhelming amount of money but she was simply a person who devoted her entire life to serving others and helping those in need. Many people may not have noticed it, but all Mother Teresa had to do was touch a person and that was almost enough. She helped thousands of people in poor countries with ailing diseases, but most importantly see touched the souls of common men. She made even the rich and selfish take a deep look into their lives, which brought out the best in everyone. When one person can captivate the world as she could, it makes you realize how very important she really was. It was not always what she did, but rather how she conducted herself while doing it. For all the many deeds she did, she never once asked for anythin g in return. Most leaders today are very selfish and are only contributing to society when they feel it looks good for their image.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Leaders such as Mother Teresa should be highly respected for their accomplishments. It is people like Mother Teresa who give us all a new meaning to life. She truly proved that one person can really make a difference in the lives of millions. Mother Teresa set examples for future generations to continue her work. This shows how much of an impact she truly had.

American Concepts of Property and State Development

The development of the American state has been heavily influenced by different understandings of property over time. What the founding fathers felt about property is not how all leaders have always thought about it, and their opinions regarding private property significantly influenced the choices they made in developing the country and its systems. This is reflected in their early writings. At the beginning, property was considered public for all. Some still feel this way. Today, however, and for the founding fathers, property became privately owned.Early notes show that there was some confusion in who could own property or if, in fact, anyone could own property at all. Most of the writers in the time of the founding fathers believed in God and felt that all of the world was given to man, in general, and so owning any property individually was a difficult idea to grasp. However, they conceded that man did own some things, such as anything he had worked on himself. A man who farmed l and owned what he produced, and could, to some degree, also own the land that it came from because the land was tied to the production itself.Locke covers this idea in chapter 5 of his writing. Initially, all land did belong to all men, who were, in fact, created equally. This idea was featured prominently in the Declaration of Independence. â€Å"All men were created equal,† states the Declaration. If, then, the founding fathers were thinking like Locke, owning property would be a difficult concept to grasp. It may not have been easy in America, either, where all of the land was new and free to the colonists. There was so much land for the taking, since Native Americans did not concern the colonists at all.Westward expansion allowed for all men to have property which they could farm and live on without needing to officially own it. They â€Å"owned† the property via natural law, that if they took care of the land and produced from it, that it would become theirs. Lock e has this to say about the natural rights of property: â€Å"Though the water running in the fountain be every one's, yet who can doubt, but that in the pitcher is his only who drew it out? His labour hath taken it out of the hands of nature, where it was common, and belonged equally to all her children, and hath thereby appropriated it to himself.† That is, anything that comes from nature or is a part of nature belongs to anyone and everyone, but when someone reaps from the land, or draws some small bit of it for himself, it belongs only to him. Locke is convinced that property is a general concept, whereby everything that doesn’t belong to someone personally (and then only because he possesses it) belongs to everyone. However, should someone gather food or drink for himself, to which is naturally entitled, he then owns what he has gathered.This leads to the idea that property is allowed when a man works the land. If he works it, and he can use what he produces, then he owns it. In America’s beginnings, nearly all men would have had to work land to some extent in order to survive. They would also need land on which to house their families. So, the view of property originally grew out of sheer need. The small government expected that men would need to work land to survive. This was especially true when the immigrants were few and there was no nearby central government to care for them.At first there were barely even real civilizations, so very little division of labor could take place. A man’s life was defined by working his land and supporting his family that way, and so he would come to own the property he occupied. This definition of property owning would persist well into America’s history in certain circumstances. For example, during Westward expansion, all a man had to do to own the land was to live on it and work it for several consecutive months, and then he owned it. In addition to this natural law of who could own property, there were certain considerations.A man should not take more than he can reasonably use, because it would deny another man land that he could use. Instead, the first man should take only what he needs, so that all men could have a chance to have their needs met through the use of property. This was, of course, more of an ideal than an actual law at this time, but considered a necessary courtesy. It was also a reaction to the tyranny of the king of England. In the development of the owning of property in the new United States, the founding fathers were reacting very strongly to the tyranny of the king.The king, many writers felt (including Thomas Paine, who saw government as a necessary evil and nothing better), had taken what was naturally available and made it his own when he should not have. The king was abusing his power, Paine wrote, and although God had given him some power, He had not given him as much as he had taken. Because this feeling about the power was prevale nt, the new government did not want to take away these natural laws that held that men were equal and were entitled to land they worked. The government strongly opposed intervention and a major central government.Paine in particular was so opposed to strong government that he wrote this: â€Å"Monarchy is ranked in scripture as one of the sins of the Jews, for which a curse in reserve is denounced against them. † Monarchy especially was seen as wrong, because it destroyed the very nature of men as equal in the eyes of God. Of course, Paine, and other writers of the time, were heavily concerned with the power of any strong central government, because these governments had greed for land and power, and used one to get the other. Otis was especially concerned with this connection.Another concern for the founding fathers was the nature and necessity of property in a government. Some seemed to feel that property was a necessary part of the government. That is, in order to really e xist, the government had to own and deal with property. But in â€Å"Otis Rights,† the author claims that that isn’t true. He writes, â€Å"†¦therefore government is not founded on property or its security alone, but at lest on something else in conjunction. † That is, the government might have a need to deal with property, but owning property does not define a government.He goes on to say that a government need not be based on property, which is likely also a reaction to the British rule. The British â€Å"owned† the land for what became the United States, and therefore they had a right to govern it. This author does not agree with that philosophy. British rule used the fact that they â€Å"owned† the land in their own country, and the land in this â€Å"new world† to their advantage, politically. Their empire had expanded, and they saw fit to treat the colonies in any way that would grant them more power.Many of the ways they treated the colonies – soldiers constantly occupying their territory, for one – were to maintain their dominance and keep hold of their territory. Otis and others were very concerned about this misuse of power and property. With the Declaration of Independence, the founding fathers were declaring that, in fact, England did not own them, and could no longer do the things that they were unhappy with, including high taxes; governance without representation; occupation during peace times; forcing citizens to quarter soldiers, and more.England did not have rights to their property or anything in this country, and so would have to relinquish the control they had. In this way, citizens were declaring their own right to have property because of the natural rights that existed, and that God had given them as equal men. The political consequences of this move were obviously huge. The Declaration itself brought about the American Revolution, in which the newly formed United States fought for these rights against the British.Additionally, not all men within the colonies would have agreed, which is why the Declaration itself went through so many versions before it was finalized. Having so many different definitions of property was tough on the new Americans. Britain told them they did not own their land, while Americans felt that they did, since they lived on it and worked it. This of course led to a huge power struggle and ultimately the war between England and the colonies. It also led to struggles between colonists who supported the war and those who remained loyal to England.Some in the colonies certainly felt that they were not entitled to own the property; that because they had left England to help England expand its empire, they owed what they had to the country. After the war was over, the government was left in pieces in America. The rulers were still determined to have no strong central government, to avoid the tyranny that they had just escaped from. Inste ad, states and individuals were given power. The focus was on the natural rights of man rather than any major leading body. This gave the American states a large amount of power in and of themselves.As they were developing, boundary lines began to be drawn, which essentially designated certain land as the individual states’ property. The states then took it upon themselves to create other arbitrary rules that citizens, and other states, would have to follow. They created their own money, and certain tariffs on trade between the states. Effectively, the states became drunk with their own power. It is interesting that in trying to limit the power of large, overbearing system that the government created many small systems of power that made life even more difficult for some.There is, however, another major problem with the original idea of property. Locke is absolutely certain that whoever works the land and makes use of what it produces is the owner of the land. He is also cert ain that whoever does this should be praised for his efforts, because developed land cares for many and yields nourishment for citizens. God, he says, intended man to use what He had given them. However, in the Declaration of Independence, Jefferson originally intended to put in a section that showed he abhorred slavery and it would not be tolerated.All men were not only equal, he wrote, but also â€Å"independent. † In deference to a couple of southern states, namely North Carolina and Georgia, this part was removed from the Declaration. It was not the only concession made, but it was an important one. Slaves were not considered to be men who were equal under the law, and they had no rights. However, they worked the land and they produced, so by Locke’s argument, they should own the land on which they worked. Of course, they did not.Slaves themselves were owned as property, and could not own property themselves. This meant that their land owners should not own the lan d because they did not work it themselves, but they came to own both the land and the slaves. This was a point of contention in the original Congress, but as the Declaration could not be finished and signed until the delegates all agreed on something, the issue of slavery (despite its obvious contradictions) was left alone for the time being. Despite its general evils, writers believed that some form of government was necessary.In â€Å"Otis Rights,† the author states â€Å"†¦I affirm that government is founded on the necessity of our natures; and that an original supreme Sovereign absolute, and uncontroulable, earthly power must exist in and preside over every society†¦. † This view of government did fly in the face of many others, including Paine, who still believed that the government was a barely necessary evil, and should not have much control over what went on. As Otis points out, though, due to the nature of man, some kind of government was necessary. Without a strong, but fair government, the country would find itself in trouble again.Of course, within only a few years, the country realized (despite their initial thoughts on the matter) that a complete lack of a central government was really no better than an overly strong central government. States squabbled amongst themselves over money, property rights, and more. The government had to step in and do something about it. The states were finding themselves doing what the British government had: owning property for the sake of owning it, rather than using it as a natural right that God had given them, and to be used for the protection and enhancement of all men.In this time, there were a lot of logical fallacies that would have great political consequences in the future, such as in the late 1700s when the central government realized that it did need to take a firmer role in running the country. Later on, the Civil War would result. Overall, the development of the American state t ook time, but boundary lines were drawn, and property was divided up for those states. This in itself was an interesting problem, as drawing boundary lines violated what many writers felt at the time.The states did not and could not really â€Å"own† the land by the arguments the writers gave, yet they did own the land. Within those states, men owned individual parts of the land, and that agreed with the natural laws as stated. In general, the American views on property took awhile to develop, and were very much in reaction to the British stronghold in the beginning. Differences in ideas necessitated the beginning of the Continental Congress, the drafting of the Declaration, and the war itself.However, it also led to the development of the American states, regardless of any problems that they had initially. Reacting solely to Britain’s tyranny was not the best way to make decisions about a new government. Rather, the writers needed to take into consideration what their people currently needed, the way that Otis did in his writings. The nature of man is such that a government needs to watch over the people so that bad things do not happen to them, even if the government is a potential evil to them.Once the colonists realized this, things ended up fine for them, and the states developed a healthier relationship with one another and with other sources. Politically it was a fascinating time, no more so than any other in history, but one that shows the growth of a new country out of small, humble beginnings, belonging to another country entirely. Americans pushed for growth, freedom, and independence for all, even if the final version of the Declaration did not explicitly say so.This thirst for what was right, for restoring man’s natural rights of property and of equality led the Americans to the political juncture they faced with England, and it led them to freedom as independent states. America would never be the same once the Declaration was written, not with all of the strong rebels that lived in the country. They persevered, and the result is the great country that we all now live in, a country where every person has the right to own property, and every state has some of its own rights.The early days factored heavily into today’s current perception, and it is good that it did. America is a country of freedom. Sources Jefferson, Thomas (1776). â€Å"The Declaration of Independence. † Locke, John (1776). â€Å"Second Treatise on Civil Government. † Accessed December 2, 2007. Website: http://www. constitution. org/jl/2ndtreat. htm. Otis, James (1776). â€Å"The Rights of the British Colonists Asserted and Proved. † Paine, Thomas (1776). â€Å"Common Sense. † Accessed December 2, 2007. Website: http://www. constitution. org/civ/comsense. htm.

Sofia Kovalevskaya, Russian Mathematician

Sofia Kovalevskaya, Russian Mathematician Sofia Kovalevskayas father, Vasily Korvin-Krukovsky, was a general in the Russian Army and was part of Russian nobility. Her mother,   Yelizaveta Shubert,  was from a German family with many scholars; her maternal grandfather and great-grandfather were both mathematicians. She was born in Moscow, Russia, in 1850. Background Known for: first woman to hold a university chair in modern Europefirst woman on the editorial staff of a mathematical journal Dates:  January 15, 1850 - February 10, 1891 Occupation:  novelist,  mathematician Also known as:  Also known as: Sonya Kovalevskaya, Sofya Kovalevskaya, Sophia Kovalevskaia, Sonia Kovelevskaya, Sonya Korvin-Krukovsky Learning Mathematics As a young child Sofia Kovalevskaya was fascinated with the unusual wallpaper on the wall of a room on the family estate: the lecture notes of Mikhail Ostrogradsky on differential and integral calculus. Although her father provided her with private tutoring- including calculus at age 15- he would not allow her to study abroad for further education, and Russian universities would not then admit women. But Sofia Kovalevskaya wanted to continue her studies in mathematics, so she found a solution: an amenable young student of paleontology, Vladimir Kovalensky, who entered into a marriage of convenience with her. This allowed her to escape the control of her father. In 1869, they left Russia with her sister, Anyuta. Sonja went to Heidelberg, Germany, Sofia Kovalensky went to Vienna, Austria, and Anyuta went to Paris, France. University Study In Heidelberg, Sofia Kovalevskaya obtained permission of the mathematics professors to allow her to study at the University of Heidelberg. After two years she went to Berlin to study with Karl Weierstrass. She had to study privately with him, as the university in Berlin would not allow any women to attend class sessions, and Weierstrass was unable to get the university to change the rule. With Weierstrass support Sofia Kovalevskaya pursued a degree in mathematics elsewhere, and her work earned her a doctorate sum cumma laude from the University of Gà ¶ttingen in 1874. Her doctoral dissertation on partial differential equations is today called the Cauch-Kovelevskaya Theorem. It so impressed the faculty that they awarded Sofia  Kovalevskaya the doctorate without examination and without her having attended any classes at the university. Looking for Work Sofia Kovalevskaya and her husband returned to Russia after she earned her doctorate. They were unable to find the academic positions they desired. They pursued commercial ventures and produced a daughter as well. Sofia Kovalevskaya began writing fiction, including a novella Vera Barantzova which won sufficient acclaim to be translated into several languages. Vladimir Kovalensky, immersed in a financial scandal for which he was about to be prosecuted, committed suicide in 1883. Sofia Kovalevskaya had already returned to Berlin and mathematics, taking their daughter with her. Teaching and Publishing She became a privatdozent at Stockholm University, paid by her students rather than the university. In 1888 Sofia Kovalevskaya won the Prix Bordin from the French Academie Royale des Sciences for research now called the Kovelevskaya top. This research examined how Saturns rings rotated. She also won a prize from the Swedish Academy of Sciences in 1889, and that same year was appointed to a chair at the university- the first woman appointed to a chair at a modern European university. She was also elected to the Russian Academy of Sciences as a member that same year. She only published ten papers before her death from influenza in 1891, after a trip to Paris to see Maxim Kovalensky, a relative of her late husband with whom she was having a love affair. A lunar crater on the far side of the moon from Earth and an asteroid were both named in her honor. Sources Ann Hibner Koblitz. A Convergence of Lives: Sofia Kovalevskaia: Scientist, Writer, Revolutionary. 1993 reprint.Roger Cooke. The Mathematics of Sonya Kovalevskaya. 1984.Linda Keene, editor. The Legacy of Sonya Kovalevskaya: Proceedings of a Symposium. 1987.

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